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Answers categorised by 'outcome'

anger

In adults with anger problems, how effective is anger management when provided as group therapy compared with when provided as an individual therapy?

anxiety

In adults with generalised anxiety disorder, how effective is exercise as a therapeutic intervention compared with any other treatment or no treatment in reducing anxiety?

any

In adults with anxiety disorders, how effective is analytic psychotherapy compared with other psychotherapies, or no active treatment/usual care?

In adults with personality disorder, how effective is psychoanalytic therapy compared with other psychotherapies, or no active treatment/usual care?

In children with autism spectrum disorder how effective are attachment interventions?

In adults with mental health conditions how effective are adherence therapies?

In adults with depression, how effective is cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)?

In older adults with anxiety disorders, how effective is cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) compared with other forms of psychotherapy or treatment as usual or wait list control?

In adults with social anxiety disorder and/or avoidant personality disorder, how effective is group cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) compared with individual CBT?

In adults with HIV and mental health problems, how effective are nursing or care planning interventions in reducing suicidal ideation?

In children with ADHD how effective is psychoeducation compared with usual care?

In children or adults with trichotillomania, how effective is cognitive behaviour therapy?

In adults with obsessive compulsive disorder and panic, how effective is systematic desensitisation?

In adults with insomnia, how effective is cognitive behaviour therapy?

In adults with learning disabilities, how effective are behavioural psychotherapies compared with non-behavioural psychotherapies?

In adults with eating disorders how effective is rehabilitation or residential care compared with hospitalisation?

In adults with a personality disorder how effective is cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) compared with psychodynamic psychotherapy in alleviating the disorder?

In adults with both panic disorder and asthma, how effective is cognitive behaviour therapy compared with other active treatments in reducing panic and improving asthma control?

In adults in acute psychiatric inpatient settings, how effective is CBT compared with usual care?

In out-patients in mental health settings, how effective is group psychotherapy?

In children with medical or surgical conditions who are in-patients, how effective are psychological interventions compared with standard care in improving outcome and in terms of cost effectiveness?

In adults with chronic fatigue syndrome how effective are antidepressants compared with placebo in improving overall symptoms?

In adults with suicidal ideation how effective is inpatient admission compared with community intervention?

In adults with anxiety disorders in acute psychiatric inpatient settings, how effective is CBT?

In adults with depression in acute psychiatric inpatient settings, how effective is CBT?

In adults with psychosis in acute psychiatric inpatient settings, how effective is CBT?

In older people with psychosis, how effective is CBT compared with family interventions?

In adult males with acute psychiatric conditions how effective is group meditation compared with usual care?

In adult males with acute psychiatric conditions how effective is group psychoeducation?

In adult males with acute psychiatric conditions how effective is group social skills training?

In adult males with acute psychiatric conditions how effective is group relaxation compared with usual care?

In adult males with acute psychiatric conditions how effective is exercise as a therapeutic intervention compared with usual care?

In older adults with dementia how effective is aromatherapy compared with usual care?

In adults with psychosis, how effective are self-help groups?

In young people, with or without learning disability, and with anger or conduct problems, how effective are anger management programmes?

In adults with psychosis, how effective is group psychodynamic therapy?

In adults with depression how effective is long term analytic group psychotherapy compared with group cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)?

In adults with a personality disorder how effective is long term analytic group psychotherapy compared with group cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)?

In adults with substance misuse or addiction problems, how effective are leisure interventions?

In adults with anxiety-related diagnoses, how effective is adding psychiatric medication to psychotherapy compared with psychotherapy alone?

In adults with depression-related diagnoses, how effective is adding psychiatric medication to psychotherapy compared with psychotherapy alone?

In children with a history of abuse, how effective is cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) compared with other therapies?

In adult patients with obsessive compulsive disorder, how effective is cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) in a group format compared with individual CBT?

In adults with severe or mild mental health problems, how effective are social work interventions?

In adults with depression how effective is individual cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) either alone or combined with pharmacotherapy compared with individual psychodynamic therapy (PDT) either alone or combined with pharmacotherapy?

In adults with depression how effective is individual psychodynamic therapy either alone or combined with pharmacotherapy compared with pharmacotherapy alone?

In adults with depression, how effective is psychoanalytic therapy compared with other psychotherapies, (other than cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT))* or with no active treatment? * see previous answer for comparisons with CBT

In adults with depression how effective is individual CBT alone or combined with pharmacotherapy compared with pharmacotherapy alone?

In adult forensic clients, how effective is eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR)?

In adults with personality disorders, how effective is schema focused CBT?

In adults with personality disorder, how effective is group psychoeducation?

In adults with long term mental health conditions, how effective is collaborative goal setting in positively impacting on the outcome of interventions?

In adults with depression how effective are brief psychodynamic psychotherapies?

In adults with anxiety disorders how effective are brief psychodynamic psychotherapies?

In adults with a personality disorder how effective are brief dynamic psychotherapies?

attention and concentration

In children with attentional problems/difficulties with concentration, how effective are attention training programmes in improving attention/concentration?

carer burden

In carers of people with severe mental illness, how effective are family interventions, compared with usual care, in reducing carer burden?

cessation of or reduced heroine use

In adults aged 18-65 years with dual diagnosis, how effective is methadone replacement for heroine users?

cognitive rigidity and anxiety

In adolescents or young adults with autism spectrum disorder how effective is Risperidone compared with placebo or cognitive behavioural therapy in reducing cognitive rigidity and anxiety?

depression, self esteeem

In adults with a physical deformity, how effective are psychological treatments compared with no treatment or with antidepressants in improving depression and self esteem?

functioning

In adults with depression or any affective disorder, how effective is occupational therapy compared with usual care in increasing functioning?

functioning, health, wellbeing

In adults with severe and enduring mental health conditions, how effective are interventions which improve social inclusion and social support in improving functioning, health and wellbeing?

hyperactivity

In children with hyperkinetic disorder, how effective is oligoantigenic therapy in reducing hyperactivity?

improved child behaviour

In children with behaviour problems how effective are behavioural parenting groups compared with other parenting groups or individual work in improving child behaviour?

improved mood

In cancer patients undergoing palliative care, how effective are antidepressants in improving mood?

interpersonal functioning

In adults (aged 18-65) with mental health problems, how effective is short term group therapy compared with long term group therapy in improving interpersonal functioning and reducing symptoms or relapse?

interpersonal skills

In inpatients with psychosis how effective is group psychodynamic therapy or group work designed to improve interpersonal skills?

mood stability

In adults with cyclothymia, how effective are antidepressants in improving mood stability?

nightmares

In adults with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, how effective is Carbamazepine compared with usual care or antipsychotic medication in reducing nightmares, or other symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder?

offending

In adolescent males with psychosis, how effective is conflict resolution compared with medication in reducing offending behaviour?

paranoid state

In adults with schizophrenia, how effective is amisulpride, compared with other antipsychotics in improving paranoid states?

parental stress

In adults experiencing parenting problems how effective are behavioural parenting groups compared with other parenting groups or individual work in reducing parental stress?

peer relationships and social skills

In children with chronic illness how effective are attachment interventions in improving peer relationships and social skills?

psychopathology, rates of readmissions, lengths of stay, costs in the index treatment

In adults with acute mental health problems how effective is day hospital treatment compared with conventional in-patient care in reducing psychopathology, rates of readmissions, lengths of stay and costs in the index treatment period, and in improving patient quality of life, satisfaction and social functioning?

reduced agitation

In elderly patients with dementia, how effective are antidepressants compared with usual care in reducing agitation?

reduced crying, improved feeding or improved motor tone

In newborn infants with traumatic birth, how effective is cranial osteopathy or other alternative medicine treatments, compared with conventional care/advice in reducing crying, improving feeding or improving motor tone?

reduced depression, reduced anxiety

In adults with mild to moderate depression or anxiety, how effective is computerized CBT compared with traditional CBT?

reduced rate of suicide

In adults or teenagers, what interventions are known to be effective following deliberate self harm (DSH) in reducing the rate of repeated suicidal behaviour or in reducing depression?

reduced side effects

In elderly depressed patients, how effective is Venlafaxine compared with Sertraline in terms of side effects and interactions?

reducing cognitive rigidity and anxiety

In adolescents or young adults with autism spectrum disorder how effective are SSRIs compared with placebo or cognitive behavioural therapy in reducing cognitive rigidity and anxiety?

self harm

In adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), how effective is dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) in reducing self harm?

self harm or suicide

In adults with repeated self harming behaviour, how effective is harm minimisation compared with usual care in reducing self harm or preventing suicide attempts?

self harming behaviour, depression, suicide

In adults or teenagers, how effective are interventions following deliberate self harm (DSH) in reducing the rate of repeated suicidal behaviour, DSH or in reducing depression?

self-harm

In adults with a history of self-harming or suicidal behaviour, how effective are safety contracts in reducing self-harm?

side effects

In adults with depression, what is the best way of swapping from fluoxetine to escitalopram, in terms of side effect profile / interactions / safe swapping over?

sleep disturbance

In people with Kleine-Levin syndrome, how effective is lithium compared with melatonin for prophylaxis of sleep disturbance, hyperphagia and irritability?

smoking cessation

In adult smokers, how effective is hypnotherapy compared with any other treatment or no treatment in promoting smoking cessation?

In pregnant women who smoke, how effective are smoking cessation interventions?

In women who are pregnant, or up to 1 year post partum, and who have recently given up smoking, how effective are relapse prevention interventions?

sustaining return to work

In adults with severe mental illness (schizophrenia/ bipolar/ other psychoses), how effective is supported return to open employment compared with training programmes in sustaining return to work?

tic frequency

In adults with tic disorder how effective is habit reversal compared with cognitive techniques in reducing tic frequency?

transition, attachment, depression, self harm and emotional disorders

In children with mental health problems, how effective is drama therapy in improving transition, attachment, depression, self harm and emotional disorders?

weight

In adults with eating disorders, how effective is cognitive analytical therapy compared with other therapies in improving body mass index or intrapersonal functioning?

weight loss

In women over the age of 18 with metabolic syndrome secondary to antipsychotic medication, how effective are cognitive treatments compared with pharmacologic treatments in achieving weight loss?